(Phys.org)—An airplane's vortex generators, which look like small fins on its surface, improve the plane's aerodynamics similar to the way in which the dimples on a golf ball improve the ball's ...

Shock wave and turbulent boundary layer interactions are phenomena encountered in high-speed flows, where abrupt pressure changes associated with shock waves impinge upon the viscous layer of fluid ...

The control of small structures and fast modes needs not only more accurate values in the commonly used dimensions (, u, T, P), but also, in fact more essentially, the controls from more dimensions.

The state and properties of boundary layer (BL) flows are very important issues for the design and operation of high performance air- and ground- vehicles as well as for many industrial flow ...