Fasteners installed near the end or edges of load-carrying members often carry more than just the applied load. They also carry a hidden load generated by bending moments in the load-carrying member.

Large buildings, industrial installations, and infrastructure projects rely on more than concrete, steel, and timber. Beneath ...

All joints serve some purpose, or no one would have bought the fasteners and taken the time to install them. Consider the cost of failure anywhere from minor property damage to major loss of life or ...