What makes the human brain different from that of other primates has long been a question. A new study suggests that the answer may be in a surprising twist of evolutionary fate: one of the brain’s ...

A new study from Northwestern University is reshaping how scientists think about brain evolution. The research suggests that ...

A new study reveals that changes to the gut microbiome can change the way the brain works.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be the result of millions of years of evolution. Rapid neuronal evolution in humans is likely ASD’s genetic cause, new research suggests. Though autism can cause ...

A pioneering study provides new evidence that gut microbes vary across primate species and can shape physiology in ways associated with differences in brain size and cognitive function A new study sug ...

A groundbreaking international study changes the view that exposure to the toxic metal lead is largely a post-industrial phenomenon. The research reveals that our human ancestors were periodically ...

Prologue -- The structure of this book -- Six paradigms -- 1. Introduction -- Some premises -- Some history -- Evolution and modification of behavior -- Evolution of ontogeny in the human animal -- ...

"Consciousness," although challenging to define, can be thought of as a first-person awareness of one's surroundings and oneself. You sense the world through your eyes, nose, ears and hands, and track ...

Researchers have used a new human reference genome, which includes many duplicated and repeat sequences left out of the original human genome draft, to identify genes that make the human brain ...

For more than a century, scientists have treated the brain as the undisputed command center of human evolution, with the rest of the body cast in supporting roles. A wave of new microbiome research is ...