This article was published in Scientific American’s former blog network and reflects the views of the author, not necessarily those of Scientific American Classical conditioning is one of those ...

In Ivan Pavlov’s famous experiments conditioning dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell, timing mattered. The quicker the food followed the bell, the stronger the dog’s response the next time it rang ...

Classical conditioning, sometimes referred to as Pavlovian conditioning, is one of the most well-known concepts in psychology. It can be described as the concept of learning through association, and ...

For a primer on consciousness and the brain, click here. When students first learn about Pavlov's dogs—dogs that learned to salivate to the sound of a bell (the "conditioned stimulus") when the bell ...

Use precise geolocation data and actively scan device characteristics for identification. This is done to store and access information on a device and to provide personalised ads and content, ad and ...

Edward Wasserman does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond ...