BILLION YEARS AGO On Mars, this period is known as the Pre-Noachian era. Mars has just formed from dust and gas in the ...

Thin, seasonal ice may have protected ancient lakes on Mars, allowing liquid water to last for decades despite cold ...

A giant collision in Mars’ early history created a global magma ocean and buried large fragments of debris deep within the young planet. As Mars cooled, it formed a solid crust — eventually becoming a ...

This discovery adds a new dimension to the geoscience of Mars and opens up new possibilities for the search for life outside Earth.