Light interacting with hydrogen atoms enclosed in hollow cages composed of carbon atoms produces ionization. This phenomenon is particularly interesting because the light rays can have dramatic ...

Energy is transferred to the absorber during the ionisation process. For a given thickness of absorber, alpha radiation produces most ionisation, beta next and gamma least. Safety precautions are ...

Advanced mathematical analysis of the ionisation of a helium atom by an impacting proton has revealed where discrepancies arise between experiments and existing theoretical calculations of the process ...

The third ionisation energy shows a massive increase because it requires an electron to be removed from magnesium’s second energy level. \(Mg^{2+} (g) \rightarrow ...

Many of us feel safer knowing we've got smoke alarms installed in our homes, but how many people are aware of a raging — and disquieting — debate over their efficacy? One alarm is so maligned it's ...