Iron and its alloys, such as steel and cast iron, dominate the modern world, and there's growing demand for iron-derived products. Traditionally, blast furnaces transform iron ore into purified ...

Steel is the backbone of modern civilization—used in everything from buildings and bridges to cars and appliances. On the other hand, steelmaking is one of the world’s largest sources of carbon ...

Steel has underpinned modern life for centuries, but it comes at an expensive cost. The industry is responsible for nearly 7 percent of the world’s total carbon dioxide emissions, driven by blast ...

It’s the shape and porosity, not the size, of metal oxide particles that matter for efficiency in electrochemical ironmaking. Iron and its alloys, such as steel and cast iron, dominate the modern ...