Using process theory, a type of scientific observation, individuals measure how events in a specific process lead to an outcome. According to this theory, when a company wants to reproduce an outcome, ...

Charles Handy’s theory outlines four organizational cultures — power, role, task and person — each shaping how companies operate and employees interact.

Employee motivation theories attempt to create models to understand what motivates people to push their performance at work. Savvy managers familiarize themselves with a range of motivational theories ...

Motivation theory has evolved over time as limitations of each new theory have become salient, and new theories are proposed to improve upon the old ones. Since each theory makes sense on its own, it ...

David Cameron says people from poorer backgrounds need to 'raise aspirations'. But motivation and aspiration are complex psychological processes that can’t be enhanced just because a politician ...

Academic thinking around motivation has developed considerably over time. Here Stuart Pritchard, winner of the HR magazine and Roffey Park research competition, explores how the major theories have ...