Classic programming books continue guiding developers in object-oriented design.Design patterns, refactoring methods, and clean coding improve sof ...
Abstract: Accurate detection of road markings is critically important in fields such as autonomous driving technology, high-precision mapping, and intelligent transportation systems. Unlike ...
Abstract: The backpropagation (BPN) algorithm is used in artificial neural networks (ANN) for training the networks that uses unsupervised learning and it is performed in two consecutive phases for ...